Improvement in pipe-couplings



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Letters Patent No. 105,290, dated July 12, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN PIPE-COUPLING-S.

The Schedule referred to in there Letters Patent and making part of the lame.

I, WILLIAM CLARE Anmsozv, of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, Statev of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement iu Couplings for Tubes, Pipes, Rods, dto., of which the following is a specification.

Nature and Object of the Invention.

My invention consists of a coupling in which tapering and vanishing screw-threads on the ends of the tubes, pipes, or rods to be coupled together, are combined with a socket, having internal vanishing and tapering screw-threads, corresponding to those on the tubes, rods, Ste.

The object of my invention is to eiect a more perfect and secure junction of tubes, &c., than has been, heretofore, accomplished by screw-couplings, all of which is fully described hereafter.

Description of the Accompanying Drawing.

Figure 1 represents an exterior view, partly in section, of the ends of two pipes coupled together according to my invention.

Figure 2, a diagram illustrating the ordinary mode of coupling pipes together; and

Figure 3, a diagram showing the advantages of my invention.

GeneraZ Descripton.

on the ends of the adjoining tubes, while an internal screw-thread, without any taper, was formed in the socket; hence but a portion of this internal thread of the socket was in proper binding contact withthe threads of the pipes, as clearly shown in fig. 2, the greater portion of the threads, both onthe tubes and in the socket, being of no avail as mediums for ei'recting a tight junction of the two tubes. This defect, which is too clearly explained by the diagram, iig. 2, to need further explanation, has been a subject of much complaint, especially in `the oil region, where hundreds of vfeet of tubing are frequently coupled together in the manner described above.

ilhe'slightest vibration or j ai imparted to such a ,long tube, composed of lengths thus coupled together und suspended within an oil-well, had. a serious effect on these imperfect joints, and frequent leakages occurred, and sometimes the tubes were torn apart and the screw-threads stripped.

There is another, and, perhaps, greater objection than the above to this mode of coupling tubes.

It was customary to cut the threads on the ends of the tubes to a uniform depth throughout the threads, terminating abruptly in a shoulder, a, fig. 2,v thus forming an incision at x, which was the nucleus of an easy fracture at that point, andl such fractures fre quently occurred in oil-well tubing, the socketB, -as it also terminates abruptly at the shoulder a, affording no protection against such accidents.

Another objection arising from the abrupt shoulder a was that it prevented the pipe from being screwed into the socket beyond the said shoulder, in order to tighten the pipe when it had become loosened.'

In order to obviate these -objections I cut on the ends of the pipes A and A, fig. 3, a tapering screw. Instead of cutting the thread of this screw to one uniform depth, however, I so cut it that it shall gradually vanish until it disappears at the exterior of the tube, as shown at y, iig. 3.-. It should be understood', however, that the thread of the screw does not vanish so abruptly as is shown in that ligure, which is exag- A gerated, with the view of rendering more apparent the advantages of my invention.

The socket 'B, fig. 3, instead of having' a screwthread cut through it, as' in iig. 2has `two screwthreads, tapering one in one direction',lfor receiving the end of one tube, andthe other in another directionv for receiving the en d of the othertube, the tapers of each screw corresponding with that of the tube which it has to receive, and the screw-thread vanishes to cor` respond with the vanishing thread of the tube, as clearly indicated in the drawing.

The advantages of my improvement may be enumerated and described asfollows:

First, there. is a perfect metallic contact throughout between the 'socket 'and the tube, every portion of the thread of one 4fitting the thread of the other; hence a more pelfectand secure joint is made than by the old mode of coupling shown in fig. 2.v

Second, no abrupt shoulder, as ata, fig. .2, and no incision forming a nucleus for a"fracture-of the tube, as at x, are presented in my improvement, the vanishing screw preventing the formation of such an incision.

Third, the socketv in' my improvement adds to the strength of the tubes where the joint occurs, whereas,

inthe old mode, the socket aii'ordednoprotcction against the fracture of the tube at ztfiig. 2.

In this connectionl-it may be observed that, in my improvement, the end of the tube may be screwed so far into the socket .that the end of the latter will project beyond the end 'of the vanishing and tapering thread of the serew,fas'shown at fm, fig. 3, and this projecting end -of the socket adds to the strength of the joint, which is, in fact, more secure and more proof against tremors and jars than any other part of thetubing.

The use of the tapering and vanishing thread also enables the pipe to be serewed'into the socket until it becomes jammed tightly therein, which is another advantage possessed over theA ordinarymethod of coupling, the abrupt-shoulder a in the latter prevent-V ing the joint from being further tightened afterthe pipe has been screwed into the socket to that point.

My invention is lnot 4confined tothe coupling of tubes and pipes alone. It will be evident it might be applied with advantage to; the coupling ofi-rods, such as are used in bridges, for instance, or to the coupling of shafting. i

Claim.

this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. WILLIAM CLARE ALLISON. 'Witnessesz WM. A. STEEL,

FRANK B. RxoHARDs.

In testimony whereof` Ihare signed my name to 

